1,203 research outputs found
Proteomics Research and Its Possibility of Application in Endometriosis
The onset search for differential protein expression in endometriosis commenced more than 30Â years ago, when the gel electrophoresis could not be available to distinguish serum from women with and without disease. Gradually as the proteomics allows the comprehensive analysis of peritoneal fluid, serum and tissue samples with good sensitivity and resolution, it has promised in delivering markers possibility associated with endometriosis. Cytokines and growth factors that are present in serum, peritoneal fluid, endometrium, endometriotic lesions tissues and involved in tissue implanting process including hormone regulation, angiogenesis, invading and malignancy may be the focus to develop the noninvasive diagnostic test and possible treatment target for endometriosis. Individual peptides or proteins that are present or absent (or up- or down-regulated) in various conditions can be assessed as possible biomarkers. Alternatively, proteomic profiling, using mass spectrometry in combination with bioinformatics software to identify the actual protein and peptide pattern can be used as a distinctive marker to diagnostic and treatment target contribution to the disease
Topological winding properties of spin edge states in Kane-Mele graphene model
We study the spin edge states in the quantum spin-Hall (QSH) effect on a
single-atomic layer graphene ribbon system with both intrinsic and Rashba
spin-orbit couplings. The Harper equation for solving the energies of the spin
edge states is derived. The results show that in the QSH phase, there are
always two pairs of gapless spin-filtered edge states in the bulk energy gap,
corresponding to two pairs of zero points of the Bloch function on the
complex-energy Riemann surface (RS). The topological aspect of the QSH phase
can be distinguished by the difference of the winding numbers of the spin edge
states with different polarized directions cross the holes of the RS, which is
equivalent to the Z2 topological invariance proposed by Kane and Mele [Phys.
Rev. Lett. 95, 146802 (2005)].Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
Chiral topological excitonic insulator in semiconductor quantum wells
We present a scheme to realize the chiral topological excitonic insulator in
semiconductor heterostructures which can be experimentally fabricated with a
coupled quantum well adjacent to twoferromagnetic insulating films. The
different mean-field chiral topological orders, which are due to the change in
the directions of the magnetization of the ferromagnetic films, can be
characterized by the TKNN numbers in the bulk system as well as by the winding
numbers of the gapless states in the edged system. Furthermore, we propose an
experimental scheme to detect the emergence of the chiral gapless edge state
and distinguish different chiral topological orders by measuring the thermal
conductance.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Topological edge states and quantum Hall effect in the Haldane model
We study the topological edge states of the Haldane's graphene model with
zigzag/armchair lattice edges. The Harper equation for solving the energies of
the edge states is derived. The results show that there are two edge states in
the bulk energy gap, corresponding to the two zero points of the Bloch function
on the complex-energy Riemann surface. The edge-state energy loops move around
the hole of the Riemann surface in appropriate system parameter regimes. The
quantized Hall conductance can be expressed by the winding numbers of the edge
states, which reflects the topological feature of the Haldane model.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Topological phases and fractional excitations of the exciton condensate in a special class of bilayer systems
We study the exciton condensate in zero temperature limit in a special class
of electron-hole bilayer systems adjacent to insulating ferromagnetic films.
With the self-consistent mean-field approximation, we find that the Rashba
spin-orbit interaction in the electron and hole layers can induce the p \pm ip
or p pairing states depending on the different magnetization of the overlapped
ferromagnetic films. Correspondingly, the topologically nontrivial or trivial
phases emerge. Furthermore, in the topologically nontrivial phase, the
quasiparticle excitations of the U(1) vortex are attached to fractional quantum
numbers and obey Abelian statistics.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
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